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Dayal, A. M.
- Evolution of Strontium Isotopes in Seawater During the Middle Miocene: New Results from ODP Site 758A
Abstract Views :172 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 55, No 3 (2000), Pagination: 307-316Abstract
Thc 87Sr/86Sr ratio of seawater has increased significantly over the last 40 Ma. This increase was marked by very high rate of increase in 87Sr/86Sr and almost zero growth rate. The middle Miocene is one such period when considerable changes in the slope of 87Sr/86Sr curve have been reported. This study tests and improves on previously published strontium isotopic records for this period.We report 34 high precision strontium isotopic analyses of well preserved planktonic foraminifera from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) site 758A in the eastern Indian Ocean. This site was selected because of the high quality magnetostratigraphy, suitable sedimentation rate (0.3 to 1.5 cm/ka) and excellent preservation of calcareous microfossils in sediments. Samples studied represent the period from 15.2 Ma to 10.3 Ma with approximately one sample per 100-200 ka.
The results show that the seawater 87Sr/86Sr ratio during this period increased from 0.70881 to 0.70892. The rare of increase in 87Sr/86Sr during 15.2 Ma to 14.3 was -31 x 10-6/m.y., whereas significantly from 14.3 to 12.8 Ma it was about a factor of two higher (-59x10-6/ m.y.). High rate of growth in seawater 87Sr/86Sr during this time interval indicates exceptionally high rates of continental weathering. However, during 12.8 to 10.3 Ma the growth in 87Sr/86Sr of seawater remained almost constant with an average value of 0.708914. This constant value may he due to decrease in weathering rates of continents as a result ofextensive glaciation. It is suggested that the tectonicuplift and denudation of Himalayas coupled with climatic changes have resulted in the variations of seawater strontium isotopes during this period. The inflection points in the curve may be used as event marker for stratigraphic corretation of marine sediments.
Keywords
Marine Geology, Stratigraphy, Strontium Isotopes, Miocene, Planktonic Foraminifera.
- Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Chigicherla Kimberlite and its Xenoliths, Anantapur District, South India
Abstract Views :195 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad-7, IN
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad-7, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 43, No 4 (1994), Pagination: 329-341Abstract
Petrography and chemistry of newly discovered Chigicherla Kimberlite pipe of Andhra Pradesh, South India are presented. The textural characteristics of the rock suggest it to be more close to the hypabyssal type of kimberlite. Presence of melilite classifies these rocks as extreme variety of kimberlite. Mineralogy of the spinel harzburgite xenoliths that occur within these IGmberlite reveals two types of xenoliths:
Harzburgite xenoliths having spinel which is Cr rich (61.6%) and Al (10.29%) poor. Harzburgite xenolith having spinel which is A1 rich (4358%) and Cr (25.90%) poor.
Temperature estimates reveal that the Cr-rich type xenolith has equilibrated at 972°C while the Cr-poor ones were equilibrated at 839°C ± 31°C. The maximum pressure estimated for these xenoliths is 25 kb. Presence of chrome spinel and absence of magnesium aluminium spinel in the xenoliths, indicate that the uppermost 45 or 50 km of the mantle section has highly "depleted" peridotite composition. The study supports the contention of the steady state of thermal condition in the mantle lithosphere beneath the continental shield and has not changed appreciably through the last one billion years.
Keywords
Kimberlite, Geothermometty, Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh.- Potassium - Argon Ages of Dolerite Dykes in Late Archean/Early Proterozoic Closepet Granite
Abstract Views :168 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad-500 007, IN
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad-500 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 46, No 1 (1995), Pagination: 47-51Abstract
Emplacement of the Closepel granite around 2.6 to 2.5 Gaage was the last major event in the crustal formation process in the Dharwar Craton. This granitic body has been intruded by a number of dykes mainly trending E-W or NE-SW between Madhugiri and Tumkur. Potassium-argon ages on these dykes range from 2.5 Ga to 1.2 Ga and can be classified into three different phases. The first phase (2.5-2.4 Ga) dyke activity might be correlated with emplacement of the Closepet Granite. The second phase (1.8-1.6 Ga) of dyke activity could be associated with hypabyssal magmatism connected with the Proterozoic Cuddapah Basin formation and volcanism. The last phase (1.4-1.2 Ga) represents the middle Proterozoic dyke activity during which emplacement of Rapakivi granites and alkaline magmatism were reported.Keywords
Geochronology, Dykes, Archean, Proterozoic, Karnataka.- Petrology and Geochemistry of Kimberlite Pipe 11 of Chigicherla Area, Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India
Abstract Views :212 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad-500007, IN
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad-500007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 49, No 2 (1997), Pagination: 123-132Abstract
Newly discovered kimberlite pipe 11 of Chigicherla area of Andhra Pradesh consists of two generations of olivine with phlogopite, spinel. perovskite, melilite etc., A comparative study of chemical characterstics of pipe 11 with those of pipe 1,2,3,4 and 5 of Wajrakarur- Lattavaram area and pipe 10 of Chighicherla indicate that Zr-Hf, Nb-Ta, Th-U have a high degree of correlation. The ratio of Ba/Nb( <10), Z/Hf( -50) and Nb/Zr (>0.5) are similar to the Group-I kimberlites. The chondri te normalised REE pattern of pipe 11 is similar to the other kimberlites and shows enrichment in LREE. Spider diagram of incompatible elements indicate similarity with those of many oceanic island alkalic basalts or other types of alkalic intraplate volcanics. They are highly enriched in incompatible elements. Major elements, Ce/Yb and La/Yb ratios suggest that the formation of kimberlite is due to low degree of partial melting of ultrabasic source along with an earlier subducted oceanic lithosphere.Keywords
Petrology, Kimberlite, Phlogopite, Andhra Pradesh.- Rb-Sr Ages of Lamprophyre Dykes from Schirmacher Oasis, Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica
Abstract Views :171 |
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Authors
A. M. Dayal
1,
S. M. Hussain
1
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 50, No 4 (1997), Pagination: 457-460Abstract
Lamprophyre dykes intrude the late Proterozoic metamorphic terrain of Schimucher Oasis, Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. Rb-Sr whole-rock/mineral isochron ages of two lamprophyre dykes are 455 ± 12 Ma (Sr1 = 0.70886 ± 5) and 458 ± 6 Ma (Sr1 = 0.71388 ± 98). This lamprophyre dyke activity of Schirmacher Oasis, may be interprete4 as a manifestation of post orogenic alkaline magmatism related to the Ross orogeny of the Transantarctic mountains.Keywords
Geochronology, Alkaline Igneous Activity, Lamprophyre, East Antarctica.- Geochemistry of Pakhal Shales
Abstract Views :161 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research institute, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
1 National Geophysical Research institute, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 67, No 6 (2006), Pagination: 770-776Abstract
Geochemistry of Lower Pakhal shales shows higher content of Si02 and A1203 and negligible amount of CaO and Na2O. The Cr/Ni, Ti/Zr and Zr/Y ratios and chondrite normalized REE fractionation pattern in these shales are comparable to the Post-Archaean Australian shale (PAAS) Distribution of La-Th-Sc, Th-Sc-Zr/lO and Ti/Zr vs La/Sc ratios and association of these shales with quartzites and dolomites indicate that they were deposited in an intracratonic basin. The study reveals that the source rocks for these sediments were granitic in composition and the adjoining Archaean gneissic terrain is the predictable provenance. The fractionated LREE and negative Eu anomaly indicates either cratonic basin or a shallow water passive continental environment during deposition.Keywords
Geochemistry, Provenance, Pakhal Shales, Pakhal Supergroup, Andhra Pradesh.- Changes in Seawater 87Sr/86Sr Curve during Early Miocene to Early Late Miocene: Implications of ODP Site 758A Record
Abstract Views :206 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
1 National Geophysical Research institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 65, No 2 (2005), Pagination: 147-157Abstract
A seawater 87Sr/86Sr record is generated for early Miocene to early late Miocene based on measurements of 114 samples of cleaned planktonic foraminifera from Ocean Drilling Program site 758 (Hole 758A) in the eastern Indian Ocean. Age model for this Site is based on nannofossil events and interpolated numerical ages are compared with Sr Isotopically-Derived ages, There is a fairly good agreement between the two stratigraphic tools (<±1.5 Ma). 87Sr/86Sr ratio during ∼23.7 Ma to ∼8.1 Ma increased from 0.70828 to 0.70895, with variations in the rate of 87Sr/86Sr increase. Seventh-Order polynomial fit curve shows the 87Sr/86Sr increase rates of 44 ×10-6m .y.-1 for -23.7 to ∼19.2 Ma, 41 × 10-6 m.y.-1 for -18.2 to - 10.8 Ma, and 25 × 10-6 m.y.-1 for ∼10.8 to ∼8.1 Ma. These rates are broadly consistent with the growth rates of 87Sr/86Sr reported from other DSDP and ODP sites with some minor differences.A composite Sr isotope curve constructed for the 24-8 Ma is broken into three linear segments with a different linear regression equation. The overall rate of 87Sr/86Sr increase for ∼24-8 Ma at site 758A (40 x 10-6 m.y.-1) is in agreement with the rate of 87Sr/86increase of the composite curve (42 x 10-6 m.y.-1).
Keywords
Sr Isotopes, Miocene, Stratigraphy, Planktonic Foraminifera, Eastern Indian Ocean.- Seawater Neodymium Isotopic Composition in the Northeastern Indian Ocean during the LGM to Holocene: Response to Glacial and Monsoonal Weathering in Himalaya-Tibet
Abstract Views :185 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
2 National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 007
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
2 National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 007
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 68, No Spl Iss 3 (2006), Pagination: 425-432Abstract
Neodymium isotopic composition (εNd) of authigenic marine sediments is an important tracer of the continental input of Nd to the oceans As the residence time of neodymium in seawater 1s short when compared to the mixing time of the oceans, its isotopic composition shows regional variations In this paper, we present the surface seawater Nd isotopic record from a deep-sea sediment core (SK-72) from the Bay of Bengal Our results support the inference of Vance and Burton (1999) that thoroughly cleaned foraminifera can be used to infer glacial-to-Interglaciacl hanges ln the Nd isotopicc omposition of surface seawater The striking feature of this record is a sharp shift in εNd (˜ 4 epsilon units) from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to Holocene In addition, the variations documented in εNd, show a remarkable correspondence with those of the oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera,indicating a process that controls the Nd isotopic compoition, which responds in phase with climate We infer that the shift in εNd from the LGM to Holocene is due to a change in the weathering pattern in the Himalaya-Tibet and the Indo-Burman Ranges glacial erosion during the LGM and a strong monsoonal effect durtng the Holocene.Keywords
Neodymium Isotopes, LGM, Holocene, Weathering, Monsoon, Riverine Input, Oxygen Isotopes, Planktonic and Benthic Foraminifera.- Light Hydrocarbons Geochemistry of Surface Sediment from Petroliferous Region of the Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin
Abstract Views :191 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
2 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical Prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
1 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
2 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical Prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 74, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 7-15Abstract
A study was carried out to test the usefulness of surface geochemical methods as regional evaluation tools in petroliferous region of the Mehsana block, North Cambay Basin. A suite of 135 soil samples collected from the depth of 2.5 m, were analyzed for adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon isotopes (δ13Cmethane and δ13Cethane). The light gaseous hydrocarbon analysis show that the concentration ranges 402 ppb, 135 ppb, 70 ppb, 9 ppb and 18 ppb of C1, C2, C3, iC4 and nC4, respectively. The value of carbon isotopic ranges of methane -29.5 to -43.0‰ (PDB) and ethane -19.1 to -20.9‰ (PDB). This data, when mapped, indicates patterns coinciding with major known oil and/or gas field of Sobhasan/Linch in this study area. The existence of un-altered petroliferous microseeps of catagenetic origin is observed in the study area. A regional study, such as the one described here, can provide important exploration facts concerning the regional hydrocarbon potential in a block. This method has been confirmed and can be applied successfully in frontier basins.Keywords
Adsorbed Soil Gas, Light Hydrocarbons, Microseeps, Carbon Isotope, Mehsane Block.References
- BANERJEE, A., JHA, M., MITTAL, A.K, THOMAS, N.J., and MISRA, K.N. (2000) The effective source rocks in the Cambay Basin, India. Mar. Petro. Geol., v.17, pp.1111-1129.
- BANERJEE, A. and RAO, K.L.N. (1993) Geochemical evaluation of part of the Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.77, no.1, pp.29-48.
- BERNARD, B.B. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in Sediments - PhD dissertation, Texas A&M University, USA, pp.144.
- BERNARD, B.B., BROOKS, J.M. and SACKETT, W.M. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in recent Texas continental shelf and slope sediments. Jour. Geophy. Res., v.83, pp.4053-4061.
- BHANDARI, L.L. and CHOUDHARY, L.R. (1975) Stratigraphic Analysis of Kadi and Kalol Formations, Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.59, pp.856-871.
- BISWAS, S.K. (1982) Rift basins in western margin of India and their hydrocarbon prospects with special reference to Kutch basin. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.66, pp. 1497-1513.
- BISWAS, S.K. (1987) Regional tectonic framework, structure, and evolution of the western margin basins of India. Tectonophysics, v.137, pp.307-327.
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- CHANDRA, K., MISRA, K.N. and MAKAR, P.S. (1984) Isobutane / normal butane ethane reaming heavier hydrocarbons relationship in natural of sedimentary basins. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., Research Conf. on Geochemistry of natural gases, San Antanio, USA (Abstr).
- CHANDRA, K., MISHRA, C.S., SAMANTA, U., ANITA GUPTA and MEHROTRA, K.L. (1994) Correlation of different maturity parameters in the Ahmedabad - Mehsana block of the Cambay basin. Org. Geochem, v.20, no.3/4, pp.313-321.
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- GEVIRTZ, J.L. (2002) Surface hydrocarbon characterization of Kinsale Head gas field, Celtic Sea, offshore Ireland, In: D. Schumacher and L.A. LeSchack (Eds.), Surface exploration case histories: Application of geochemistry, magnetics, and remote sensing. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., Studies in Geology, no.48 and SEG Geophy. Ref. Series no.11, pp.415-431
- GEVIRTZ, J.L., CAREY, B.D. and BLANCO, S.R. (1983) Surface geochemical exploration in the North Sea. Methodology with an example. In: J. Brooks (Ed.), Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration of Europe. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., no.12, pp.35- 50.
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- Near Surface Manifestation of Hydrocarbons in Proterozoic Bhima and Kaladgi Basins: Implications to Hydrocarbon Resource Potential
Abstract Views :259 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
2 Directorate General of Hydrocarbons, Noida - 201 301, IN
1 National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
2 Directorate General of Hydrocarbons, Noida - 201 301, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 76, No 6 (2010), Pagination: 548-556Abstract
Reconnaissance surface geochemical survey for adsorbed soil gas analysis conducted in Proterozoic Bhima and Kaladgi Basins, have revealed occurrence of anomalous concentrations of light gaseous hydrocarbons i.e. C1 to C4 (CH4, C2H6, C3H8, i-C4H10 and n-C4H10) in the near surface soils. The concentrations of C1 and ΣC2+(C2H6+C3H8+ i-C4H10+ n-C4H10) in Bhima and Kaladgi Basins are in the range of 1-2594 ppb and 1 to 57 ppb and 1-1142 ppb and 1-490 ppb, respectively. The carbon isotopic data of adsorbed soil gas methane in few selected samples are in the range of -29.9 to -39‰ (PDB). The evaluation of adsorbed soil gas data indicates that all the gas components are cogenetic and hydrocarbon ratios of C1/(C2+C3) < 10 and C3/C1*1000 between 60-500 and 20-60 suggest that the adsorbed gases are derived from oil and gas-condensate zones. The carbon isotopic values of methane further support thermogenic origin of these migrated gases. The concentration distribution of C1 and ΣC2+ in the study areas illustrate C1 and ΣC2+ anomalies near Katamadevarhalli, Andola and Talikota in Bhima Basin and near Kaladgi, Lokapur and north of Mudhol in Kaladgi Basin. The hydrocarbon anomalies near the surface coincide with the favourable subsurface structural features and correlate with existing geochemical and geophysical data in these basins suggesting seepage related anomalies.Keywords
Proterozoic, Adsorbed Soil Gas, Light Gaseous Hydrocarbons, Carbon Isotopes, Thermogenic, Bhima, Kaladgi.- Light Hydrocarbons Geochemistry of Surface Sediments from Pranhita-Godavari Basin, Andhra Pradesh
Abstract Views :174 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical Prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad – 500 606, IN
1 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical Prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad – 500 606, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 78, No 5 (2011), Pagination: 477-483Abstract
A geochemical study of surface sediments from Pranhita-Godavari Basin, Andhra Pradesh, India was carried out using light hydrocarbon compounds to assess the hydrocarbon potential of the basin. Suite of 80 soil samples were collected from the depth of 2.5 m and analyzed for adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons namely methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6) and propane (C3H8) in Gas chromatograph. Compound specific Carbon isotope ratios for CH4 and C2H6 were also determined using GC-C IRMS (Gas Chromatograph Combustion Isotope Mass Spectrometer). The presence of moderate to low concentrations of methane (CCH4: 1 to 138 ppb), ethane (CC2H6: 1 to 35 ppb) and propane (CC3H8: 1 to 20 ppb) was measured in the soil samples. Carbon isotopic composition of δ13CCH4 ranges between -27.9 to -47.1 ‰ and δ13CC2H6 ranged between -36.9 to -37.2 ‰ (V-PDB) indicating that these gases are of thermogenic origin. Study of soil samples suggests the area has good potential for hydrocarbon.Keywords
Soil Gas, Light Hydrocarbons, Carbon Isotopes, Pranhita-Godavari Basin, Andhra Pradesh.References
- ABRAMS, M.A. (2005) Significance of hydrocarbon seepage relative to petroleum generation and entrapment. Marine Petrol. Geol., v.22, pp.457-477.
- BERNARD, B.B. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in marine sediments - PhD dissertation, Texas A & M University, USA, pp.144.
- BERNARD, B.B., BROOKS, J.M. and SACKETT, W.M. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in recent Texas continental shelf and slope sediments. Jour. Geophy. Res., v.83, pp.4053-4061.
- BISWAS, S.K. (2003) Regional tectonic framework of the Pranhita- Godavari basin, India. Jour. Asian Earth Sci., v.21, no.6, pp.543-551.
- CHAUDHURI, A.K. (2003) Stratigraphy and palaeogeography of the Godavari Supergroup in the south-central Pranhita-Godavari Valley, South India. Jour. Asian Earth Sci., v.21, pp.595- 611.
- GEVIRTZ, J.L. (2002) Surface hydrocarbon characterization of Kinsale Head gas field, Celtic Sea, offshore Ireland, In: D.Schumacher and L.A. LeSchack (Eds.), Surface exploration case histories: Application of geochemistry, magnetics and remote sensing. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., studies in Geology, no.48 and SEG Geophy. Ref. Series no.11, pp.415-431.
- GEVIRTZ, J.L., CAREY, B.D. and BLANCO, S.R. (1983) Surface geochemical exploration in the North Sea. Methodology with an example. In: J. Brook, (Ed.), Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration of Europe. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., no.12, pp.35-50.
- HORVITZ, L. (1980) Near surface evidence of hydrocarbon movement from depth. In: W.H.Roberts III and R.J. Cordell, (Eds.), Problems of Petroleum Migration. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Studies in Geology, v.10, pp.241-269.
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- Carbon, Oxygen and Strontium Isotope Geochemistry of Carbonate Rocks from Kurnool Group, Southern India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
2 Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow - 226 007, IN
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
2 Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow - 226 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 60, No 6 (2002), Pagination: 615-622Abstract
Carbon isotopic compositions of carbonate rocks from Narji and Koilkuntla Formations belonging to the Kurnool Group range frorn -1.5 to +2.2%0 and +3.1 to +4.3%0 respectively. 13C values on coexisting organic carbon are around -26%0. 87Sr/86Sr ratios of limestones from Koilkuntla Formation (0.7086 - 0.7104) exhibit less variation than those belonging to Narji limestones (0.7073 - 0.7132). Bivariant plots of 87Sr/86Sr and δ13C against Mn/Sr and δ18O show open system diagenetic trends for the carbonate rocks of Narji Formation. Similar plots for Koilkuntla Formation do not reveal any definite alteration trends. Comparison of carbon isotope data coupled with the least altered 87Sr/86Sr values of Narji and Koilkuntla limestones shows similarity in the isotopic ratios exhibited by other worldwide Late Neoproterozoic carbonate successions. This finding is corroborated by available age information on the underlying Cuddapah Supergroup of rocks as well as palaeontological evidences on the rock formations of Kurnool Group.Keywords
Carbonate Rocks, Carbon and oxygen isotopes, 87Sr/86Sr, Kurnool Group, Andhra Pradesh.- Recognition of Hydrocarbon Microseepage Using Microbial and Adsorbed Soil Gas Indicators in the Petroliferous Region of Krishna-Godavari Basin, India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Gujarat Energy Research and Management Institute (GERMI), Gandhinagar 382 421, IN
2 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 606, IN
1 Gujarat Energy Research and Management Institute (GERMI), Gandhinagar 382 421, IN
2 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 606, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 03 (2017), Pagination: 560-568Abstract
The present study aims at exploring the possible correlation between adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbon distribution pattern and the hydrocarbon oxidizing microbes present in the sub-soil samples. To establish the role of the latter in identifying the upward migration of hydrocarbons, especially a known petroliferous Krishna-Godavari Basin has been investigated. Soil samples from oil and gas fields of Tatipaka and Pasarlapudi areas of the basin show the presence of bacterial population for methane (3.46 × 105 cfu/g), ethane (3.85 × 105 cfu/g) and propane (3.04 × 105 cfu/g) oxidizing bacteria in soil samples. Gas chromatographic analyses of adsorbed soil gases show the presence of C1 to C4 hydrocarbons. The concentration of adsorbed soil gases ranged for methane (C1) = 1 to 115 ppb, ethane (C2) = 1 to 99 ppb, propane (C3) = 1 to 34 ppb, butane (nC4) = 1 to 9 ppb and ΣC2+ = 1 to 115 ppb. The scatter plots between C1 and C4 components depict a linear trend indicating that all gases are from the same source. The total organic carbon (TOC) content of the soil samples ranges from 0.18% to 1.34%. Pearson correlation analysis shows that the concentration of ΣC2+ does not show any correlation (r = 0.1) with TOC, suggesting that the adsorbed gases are not derivatives of the organic carbon. Moreover, the values for methane δ13C1 varied from -39.9‰ to -19.9‰ (V-PDP) Vienna PeeDee Belemnite indicate thermogenic origin. The integration of geomicrobial prospecting method together with adsorbed soil gas and carbon isotope studies shows a good correlation with the producing oil and gas fields of Krishna-Godavari Basin.Keywords
Adsorbed Soil Gas, Bacteria, Hydrocarbon Exploration, Microseepage.Full Text
- Geo-Microbial Prospecting Studies of Surface Sediments from Petroliferous Region of the Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin
Abstract Views :180 |
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Authors
M. A. Rasheed
1,
M. Veena Prasanna
1,
M. Lakshmi
1,
T. Madhavi
1,
M. S. Kalpana
1,
D. J. Patil
1,
A. M. Dayal
1
Affiliations
1 Microbiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
1 Microbiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 80, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 267-275Abstract
Surface adsorbed gas surveys and geo-microbiological surveys are well known techniques of petroleum exploration and aim towards risk reduction in exploration by way of identifying the areas warm with hydrocarbons and to establish inter-se exploration priorities amongst the identified warm areas. The thermogenic surface adsorbed gaseous hydrocarbons distribution patterns in petroliferous areas are considered to be a credible evidence for the upward migration of hydrocarbons. The present investigation aims to explore correlation between the adsorbed gas distribution pattern and microbial oxidizers in identifying the upward migration of hydrocarbons especially in the tropical black soil terrain of known petroliferous Mehsana Block of North Cambay Basin, India. A set of 135 sub-soil samples collected, were analyzed for indicator hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria, adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon isotope ratios (δ 13Cmethane and δ13Cethane). The microbial prospecting studies showed the presence of high bacterial population for methane (5.4 × 106 cfu/gm), ethane (5.5 × 106 cfu/gm), propane (4.6 × 106 cfu/gm) and butane oxidizing bacteria (4.6 × 106 cfu/gm) in soil samples. The light gaseous hydrocarbon analysis showed that the concentration ranges of C1, C2, C3, iC4 and nC4 are 402 ppb, 135 ppb, 70 ppb, 9 ppb and 18 ppb, respectively, and the value of carbon isotope ranges of methane -29.5 to -43.0‰ (V-PDB) and ethane -19.1 to -20.9‰ (V-PDB). The existence of un-altered petroliferous microseep (δ13C, -43‰) of catagenetic origin is observed in the study area. Geo-microbial prospecting method and adsorbed soil gas and carbon isotope studies have shown good correlation with existing oil/gas fields of Mehsana. Microbial surveys can independently precede other geochemical and geophysical surveys to delineate area warm with hydrocarbons, and mapped microbiological anomalies may provide focus for locales of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Mehsana Block of Cambay Basin.Keywords
Geo-Mirobial Prospecting, Adsorbed Soil Gas, Light Hydrocarbons, Carbon Isotopes, Cambay Basin.References
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